Considering the social consequences caused by imprisonment, prisons and other total institutions cannot be considered only as formal institutions and analyzed only within a formal approach. Such a formal and legal approach is too simplistic. In modern states, the prison is the most important tool of social control combined with coercion. It continues to be part of the political, social, economic, and moral order.  Traditional criminological and sociological approaches to the study of the phenomenon of incarceration, a component of which is the existence of a prison subculture and an informal hierarchy of prisoners, are based ... Читати далі »